In 2019, Georgia has a total population of 3,717,100 inhabitants, with a density of 65 inhabitants/km². Compared to the world's total population, Georgia's population equates to 0.05%, with an average age of 38.1 years. 58.9% of the population lives in urban areas, representing 2,300,493 people.

Total population: 3,717,100

Natural increase: -0.1%

Density: 65 inhabitants/km²

Urban population: 58.2%

Population of major cities: Tbilisi (1,140,600) ; Kutaisi (196,500) ; Batumi (160,000) ; Rustavi (122,500)

Ethnic origins: Georgians approximately 84%, Azerbaijanis approximately 7%, Armenians approximately 6%, Russians approximately 1%, others approximately 2%.

Official language: Georgian 71%, and for Abkhazia, Abkhazian is the official language.

Other languages spoken: Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azerbaijani 6%, others 7%.

Business language(s): Russian and English.

Religions: Orthodox Christians: 83.9%, Muslims: 9.9%, Armenian Gregorians: 3.9%, Catholics: 0.8%, Others: 0.8%, Atheists: 0.7%.

Evolution of Georgia's Demographics (Golden Age to Today)

Georgia's population has continuously evolved in response to the country's non-natural and unstable borders. The Georgian people experienced a relative peak during the Golden Age, spanning the 12th and 13th centuries.

Between the 13th and 19th centuries, Georgia's population declined sharply. This decrease stemmed from the numerous occupations of Georgian territory by Turks, Mongols and Persians. This was compounded by damage inflicted through raids by Caucasian tribes, such as the Ossetians and the Dagestanis.

When Georgia was occupied by the Russian Empire, along with the rest of the Caucasus, in the early 19th century, Russian and foreign settlers established themselves in the country, spurring population growth. By the mid-19th century, the end of Caucasian raids ensured population stabilization, with numbers increasing gradually. Thus, in 1919, during the period of the independence of the Democratic Republic of Georgia, the population reached 2.5 million inhabitants, including the Abkhazians and the Ossetians.

During the socialist period, Abkhazians were a minority within their own republic, representing only 30% of the population in 1926, declining to 17.8% by 1989. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, Georgia's ethnic population increased significantly at the national level, representing over 73% of the total population. This percentage continued to rise after the Soviet era due to economic migration.

However, once again, the civil war and internal conflicts in the 1990s resulted in a dramatic decline in Georgia's population. From a national peak of 5.5 million inhabitants in 1992, Georgia fell to 4.5 million by 2002. Departures came from minorities in 90% of cases.

In 2003, a census conducted by the statistics department of Georgia's Ministry of Economic Development highlighted the population of the Abkhazian republic. At 179,000 inhabitants, this population unfortunately continued to decline gradually.

With the advent of the Rose Revolution, some improvement has been noted in Georgia's demographics. In 2008, the population reached 4,630,841 inhabitants, including Abkhazia and South Ossetia. By 2015, the population had declined, settling at 3.73 million, excluding the separatist republics.